Cubism or Fauvism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cubism or Fauvism - Essay Example Unlike Fauvism, Cubism breaks up objects, analyzes and re-assembles them in abstracted forms. Therefore, rather than view objects from a single viewpoint, Cubism depicts its subjects in multiple viewpoints, representing them in greater context. Like in Picasso’s Houses on the hill, he uses block-resembling, cubic buildings to portray an image of houses on a divergent, rather than convergent, perspective. The intersection of the surfaces at random angles eliminates depth and a central vanishing point. This is further enhanced by the use of shades and the way colors are limited. Fauvism, on the other hand, used strong colors, which were not their subjects’ natural colors, to successfully bring out strong emotions, like shown by Henri Matisse’s Dance. He based it on his previous work that used less details and paler colors. It shows five, nude dancing figures in deep red paint. They are set against the sky in deep blue and a green landscape. Reflecting the artistâ⠂¬â„¢s interest in primitive art, Dance stretches out three clearly clashing colors on the canvas, with each drawing attention to itself. By reducing its subjects into their geometric forms, Cubism was able to make works done in 2-D appear as if they were done in 3-D. Artists were able to use geometric styles to simultaneously show a subject in more than one aspect. In Fauvism, the objects were painted in very simple designs and styles, with strong colors compensating for the simplicity. Although they did not appear realistic in comparison to real life objects., they were more realistic in comparison to objects painted in Cubist style. Part B The style I find more appealing is Fauvism. Cubism presents a more complicated form of art that is not easily translated. For example, in Picasso’s Houses on the hill, one may not recognize within the first glance that they are actually houses shown in a view that flows upward. This aspect is emphasized by the way the houses are intersec ted, shown from different angles on the same surface and lack of depth. The lack of depth also gives the impression that the furthest houses are above, rather than behind, those in the foreground. On the other hand, in Fauvism, the emotions brought to mind by the style of colors are immediately felt (Gerdts, 1997). For example, they way Matisse puts three exaggerated colors next to each other in Dance, he is able to portray the sky and earth as active components of the painting, rather than mere backgrounds. The warmth of the deep red dancers arranged in a ring against a cool background in blue-green creates a feeling of the rhythmical succession that is usually conveyed by dancing. A viewer can instantly feel the emotional liberation and

”Things Fall Apart” by Chinua Achebe Essay Example for Free

†Things Fall Apart† by Chinua Achebe Essay In †Things Fall Apart† Chinua Achebe takes us to a Nigerian village at the time of the British colonization of Africa where substantial changes are affecting the inhabitants. Okonkwo is a proud African man who strives to succeed in the Igbo society. In his early days he created a name for himself by being a successful wrestler. He then put enormous effort into making his farm prosperous by working hard and creating a big family. That he appreciates hard work and discipline defines him as a father. When he realizes that his oldest son Nwoye is not of the quality he requires, he feels himself obligated to take action mostly with the use of violence thought he finds little pleasure in beating the children and views. It is rather a way to obtain respect and his way of parenting. To some extent this domestic aggression is accepted and is an acknowledged part of the Igbo culture. Apart from the elevated position he acquires other clansmen do not always agree with his impulsive nature as for the incident during the week of peace when he beat his wife. At first sight Okonkwo is a confident man who has no fears. This is deeply rooted in the view of how a man should be in their culture where the ability to not show any emotions is highly redeemed. But actually, a lot of his actions can be traced back to fear and insecurity. This fear clearly has to do with Unoka, his work-shy father who left nothing over to his son but debt after his death. Eventually, these moral standards conflict Okonkwo when affection starts to grow for Ezinma, the daughter of his second wife, feelings which he experiences are difficult to handle. He also feels especially bad after he killed the adopted boy Igbomefuna, an act that puts Okonkwo in a depression that if nothing else demonstrates that something has changed in his character. †Okonkwo was also feeling tired, and sleepy, for although nobody else knew it, he had not slept at all last night. He had felt very anxious but did not show it. When Ekwefi had followed the priestess, he had allowed what was  regarded as reasonable and manly interval to pass and then gone with his machete to the shire†. (p 82) One could wonder why he follows even though the priestess had requested to be alone with Ezinma during the sprititualic ritual. It is evident that breaking the rules of the ritualic traditions is not something he could let himself do easily. Not mainly would it be fright of the gods. Okonkwo tries to keep up a facede which involves obeying the traditions of his ancestors as for not showing emotions. And with a past as a warrior it is understandable why he is keen to not look weak. Reference list: Things Fall Apart – Chinua Achebe Litterature Criticism And Theory – Andrew Bennet Nicholas Royle (p.63-70)

Julius Ceasar Flattery :: essays research papers

Flattery will get you nowhere. At the beginning of the story this quote might appear to be false, but as the story unfolds it only leads to the down fall of all involved. Throughout Julius Caesar, both friends and enemies use flattery and manipulation to obtain their goals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first main use of flattery is used by Cassius on Brutus in Act 1, Scene 2 and in Act 2, Scene 1. Cassius tries his hardest to force Brutus to join the revolt against Caesar, but Brutus resists, stating his loyalty and faithfulness to Rome. However, after Brutus accidentally blurts out, â€Å"I do fear the people choose Caesar as their king.† Cassius continues his pursuit to convince Brutus to join the conspirators. He thinks the best way to flatter Brutus is by talking about how noble the plebeians view him. Cassius chooses to send Brutus a letter supposedly from a Roman citizen. It boldly states â€Å"Brutus, thou sleep’st. Awake, and see thyself! Shall Rome, etc. Speak, strike, and redress!† These words persuade him to join the conspirators because he prides how high the public views him and does not want to let them down. Cassius swayed Brutus by complementing him and saying the people depend on him. Without flattering, his nobility Bru tus would probably never have joined the conspirators. In Act 2 Scene 2, there is thunderstorm outside and Caesar’s wife is having a nightmare about her husband’s death. She dreamt that smiling Romans were washing their hands in Caesar's blood. When she awakes, she tells Caesar who tries to calm her by sending the augurers to make a sacrifice. However, the results of the sacrifice do not comfort him, â€Å"They could not find a heart within the beast.† When Decius Brutus comes to take him to the senate, Caesar declares that he will stay home. Caesar tells him about Calphurnia's dreams; Decius Brutus cleverly gives them a flattering interpretation by â€Å"This dream is all misinterpreted. It was a vision fair and fortunate. Your statue spouting blood in many pipes, in which so many smiling Romans bathed, signifies that from you great Rome shall suck reviving blood.† Decius also says that the members of the senate are planning to crown him today, but they might rethink it if the found out he stayed at home due to his wife’s dreams. Decius toyed with Caesar’s pride by flattering him; he caused Caesar to change his mind and go to the senate to be murdered.

Hanna vs Joe contrasting roles in Agelsin America :: essays papers

Hanna vs Joe contrasting roles in Agelsin America In Tony Kushners to part play, Angels in America, readers are introduced to a closeted gay man, Joe Pitt and are exposed to his relationship with his Mormon mother, Hannah. An underlying conflict occurs when Hannah finds out her son is a homosexual; a problem which forces her to question her love and acceptance towards her son and her strong Mormon anti gay sentiments and beliefs. This conflict between mother and son helps Kushner illustrate the complexity of sexuality and the changing views of homosexuality. The conflict between Joe and Hannah initially arises when Joe tells is mom for the first time that he is gay. Joe's mother is Mormon and Joe himself is born and raised Mormon. The religious prohibits homosexuality and this, Hannah is in shock when Joe tells her what is going on. It is even more shocking due to the fact that Joe is presumably happily married to Harper, also a Mormon. During This discussion with his mother, Joe tries to point the finger at his father who Joe claims didn't love him enough and might have "caused" his homosexuality. Hannah can not seem to deal with the situation and delves into extreme denial. She hangs up the phone thinking the conversation came from Joe just being drunk. Hannah's Mormon background embedded in her strict beliefs about traditional love and marriages and the idea that being gay is unnatural and devilish. This background doesn't allow her to accept Joe's sexuality. It is in this upheaval that Hannah moves from Salt Lake City to New York in hopes to save her son and his dying marriage. Her arrival, However only makes the situation worse. She carries out responsibility as a mother-in-law and takes care of the abandonment and valium-dependant Harper and manages at the same time to dive Joe completely out of the picture. By the second part of the play, Hannah is working at a Mormons visitor center in New York and simultaneously taking care of Harper. Joe meanwhile is beginning his first relationship with a man, Louis. Both Joe and Hannah are opening up; Joe living out his homosexual tendencies and Hannah being exposed to absurd circumstances such as the meeting of prior. Prior in many ways becomes Hannah's first real recognition of homosexuality. Prior, who is surviving with A. I. D. S visits the Mormon center, where he falls severely ill and ends up being saved by Hannah.

It Happened One Night: Screwball Comedy Essay

It Happened One Night set the place for the â€Å"screwball† comedy, the witty and romantic clash of temperaments between a man and a woman mismatched in both personality and social position. Through one of the greatest romantic comedies in film history, Frank Copra shows the outlandish nature of the rich and the nature of man being the controller in relationships as well as in society. It is the reversal of the Cinderella story, a modern tale with light hearted sex appeal in which courtship and love triumph over class conflicts, socio-economic differences, and verbal battles of wit. The fighting and struggles between the two main characters showed the man taking care of the woman, the social norms of how men and women should act around each other in that era. But the fighting and the banter also show a strong-minded and intelligent woman. The two strong-willed main characters balanced each other out. One of the most famous scenes in the movie is the one in which, on their travels, Ellie and Peter are forced to share a one-room motel cabin overnight and Peter hangs a blanket on some rope to provide the debutante the privacy and respectability she demands. The by-play of Ellie and Peter’s reactions on the separate sides of the blanket are brilliant evocations of what lies behind the facade men and women show one another in romantic situations. Along their journey, Ellie falls in love with Peter; but when he vanishes from the motel where they are lodged and contacts her father later; she believes he was only interested in the reward. The escapist theme of the film is the story of the unlikely romantic pairing of a mismatched couple, which is appropriate during the Depression Era, of an indifferent and recently-fired newspaper man and a snobbish, superior-acting heiress a runaway on the lam. After discovering Ellie’s true identity, Peter decides to help her so that he can get an exclusive story about her life, her marriage, and her escape. As they travel northward and engage in a series of misadventures, the gruff newspaperman and the spoiled rich girl, thrown together by circumstances, who loses her initial disdain for him, begins to fall in love. The movie is considered a â€Å"screwball† comedy because the dynamic between Ellie and Peter, because it is not all one-sided. Although Peter is quite bossy, Ellie sometimes gets the better of him. In the hitchhiking scene, for instance, it is Ellie, not Peter, who succeeds in getting the car to stop to pick them up. She remains herself, a bright, intelligent, strong-minded woman. The film is composed of a road trip by bus, car, foot, and by thumb in locales such as bus depots or interiors of buses, and the open road throughout the film by the social-class-unmatched couple. From the very beginning of the story, these two characters have been down each other’s throats because their personalities are so different from the other one. Some of the most classic scenes were made: the â€Å"Wall of Jericho† scene in an auto-camp bungalow so that they can sleep in the same room, the doughnuts-dunking lesson, the hitchhiking scene, the night-time scene on a haystack in a deserted barn, and the dramatic wedding scene. Ellie and Peter argued over everything from getting the seat on the bus in the beginning to the time when they were trying to find a place to sleep in the middle of the night when the bus broke down. Despite the witty remarks towards one another, they find themselves through all the fighting along with each other as a romantic relationship starts to bloom. Love triumphs in the end of the movie and the wall of Jericho falls down. Peter’s personality is completely different from Ellie’s personality. Peter does not let things bother him, or at least does not let it show. Peter is constantly â€Å"playing it cool† when he is around Ellie, when actually he is just as desperate as Ellie is. Although Ellie and Peter have completely opposite personalities and tend to not get along very well, they begin to see the bright side of one another and fall in love. Even though the two are fighting, with no money, and no hope, they still are traveling trying to survive, but in the end everything tends to happen for a reason.

The Best AP Biology Study Guide

The Best AP Biology Study Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Studying for AP Biology is a big undertaking, and it can seem pretty overwhelming at first. However, if you get an early start and have the right strategies and tools at your disposal, you stand a strong chance of getting a great score on the test. In this complete AP Biology study guide, my goal is to provide you with all the resources you need to carry out a focused, effective study plan. I'll provide you with all the information you need to begin your journey to a 5 (nope, it's not too ambitious!). What’s the Purpose of This Guide? This AP Biology study guide will give you the tools you need to prepare for the final AP Biology test as well as any assessments you encounter in your class throughout the year.In the first section, I will give you some advice on how to structure your study plan for the AP test depending on your level of preparation and the amount of time you have before the exam.You may decide to skip this section if you’re not ready to start studying for the final exam yet, but you can also read it to get an idea of how you will organize things in the future. In the next section, I’ll provide some study strategies that will help you get the most out of the information and resources contained in this guide.Access to content won’t get you a great score unless you know how to absorb it efficiently and apply it to the format of the test! In the two sections following these tips, I’ll link to notes that you can use to study different aspects of the course.The first section covers all the basic content that's taught in AP Biology, organized by the course’s four "Big Ideas" (or main themes).The second section will link to descriptions of each of the labs you'll need to be familiar with in this course in case you lost any reports from earlier in the year! Finally, I’ll provide a list of online resources that you can use to practice your AP Biology skills and review the concepts you’ve learned. AP Biology Study Plans Before you decide on a study plan, I would advise you to take a practice test to see where you’re currently scoring.You can use a test in a review book or look online for sample tests from 2013 or later.Once you take and score this test, you can think more critically about how much time you need to spend studying for AP Biology.I’ll give you an example of two study plans; the 10-hour plan is if you’re hoping to improve by one AP point or just hone your skills so that you’re more solidly in the 5 range.The 20-hour plan is for students who are hoping to improve by around 2 AP points.Each plan has the same four components: #1: Take Practice Tests Beyond the default diagnostic test, you will need to continue taking practice tests as you study for AP Biology.This is a way to check your progress and get familiar with the format of the test so that you aren’t caught off-guard on exam day. #2: Analyze Mistakes on Practice Tests This is a critical component of AP Biology studying.After you take a practice test, you should sit down and go through your mistakes to see which content areas gave you the most trouble.This will help you to avoid studying irrelevant things or neglecting areas where your knowledge is weaker. #3: Study Weak Content Areas Based on the information you learn from analyzing your mistakes, you can focus on the content areas that need the most work.Your goal is to patch up all the holes before you take another practice test. #4: Revise Test-Taking Strategies This is another step you need to take after analyzing your mistakes.If you made mistakes due to time pressure or careless errors, you should think about changing your test-taking strategies to avoid this in the future.Try not to linger for more than a minute on difficult questions.Underline the most important parts of each question so that you don’t make careless mistakes! Here are the two plans broken down into their different components, with some rough guidelines for how much time you should spend on each step: 10 Hour Study Plan Analyze your mistakes on the diagnostic test: 1.5 hours Study relevant content areas and revise test-taking strategies: 2 hours Take and score another practice test: 4 hours Analyze your mistakes on the second practice test: 1.5 hours Final study session: 1 hour 20 Hour Study Plan Analyze your mistakes on the diagnostic test: 1.5 hours Study relevant content areas and revise test-taking strategies: 3 hours Take and score another practice test: 4 hours Analyze your mistakes on the second practice test: 1.5 hours Study content areas that are still giving you trouble and revise test-taking strategies again: 3 hours Take and score a third practice test: 4 hours Analyze your mistakes: 1.5 hours Final study session: 1.5 hours When I do crossword puzzles, I sometimes grade myself, so they're similar to AP practice tests except with no reward beyond the satisfaction of knowing arcane information that is usually completely irrelevant to my life. Fun fact: the apostrophe in Hawaiian words is called an okina. 4AP Biology Study Strategies AP Biology is a tough class that covers tons of complex information.If you want to use this guide to prepare effectively for the AP test and other tests throughout the year, you’ll need to use study strategies that complement the material.Here are a few of my recommendations: #1: When in Doubt, Draw It Out If you’re feeling shaky on your knowledge of a process or system in AP Biology, one helpful strategy is to draw it.This will both reinforce what you know and highlight what you still need to work on learning.Once you’re able to draw an accurate diagram of a system or process without looking at your notes, you can feel confident that you know how it works. For example, you could challenge yourself to draw a diagram of a cell membrane, label its different components, and explain their significance. You could also draw a process like mitosis that happens in clear visual stages or a more complex process like cellular respiration, where you might focus on one aspect at a time (glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain).This advice ties into the next strategy on this list. If you can draw a diagram, you haven’t just memorized facts, you’ve connected them to their place within a larger context. #2: Don’t Just Memorize - Make Connections Since the recent redesign of the AP Biology exam, the focus of the questions has beenasking students to demonstrate a deeper understanding of complex biological concepts.Memorization is still important for the test, but it won’t get you a good score if you do it in isolation.Each term or concept in AP Biology is connected to a larger theme, and it’s your job to understand those connections and their implications.This will enable you to answer questions on the test that ask you to analyze hypothetical scenarios based on your biology knowledge. So, if you're studying DNA structure and replication, you shouldn't just memorize the names of the nucleotides and the enzymes that aid in DNA replication. These things are important, and you should know them, but you need to go beyond this type of knowledge. How does DNA go from just a chain of molecules inside a cell to the foundation of every organism's individuality? How does it relate to reproduction and gene expression? How is it translated into the formation of other systems in the body? Each fact that you memorize should lead you to ask yourself questions like this to ground your understanding. Biology is not a collection of random tidbits of information but a web of interrelated concepts. The clearer this becomes to you, the better! #3: Know Lab Procedures Labs make up a significant portion of the AP Biology course, and the test reflects this fact.You should review all of your labs, and make sure that you understand their outcomes and methodologies.It’s especially important that you familiarize yourself with the fundamental building blocks of a good experiment.There are often questions on the test that ask about different experimental variables or require you to predict the outcome of an experiment.The more familiar you are with your labs, the more likely it is that you’ll be able to answer these questions easily based on your memory of similar experiments in class. #4: Use Practice Tests Strategically This tip is evident in my study plans in the previous section, but it’s worth mentioning again.You shouldn’t just study the material and expect to do well, especially on a test like AP Biology that requires a significant amount of analysis in its questions.You can use practice tests to judge which content areas need the most work and whether you need to revamp your test-taking strategies.Practice tests can be found in review books or online.Just make sure you use tests that are for the new version of the exam (69 questions in the multiple choice section, not 100!). If you take enough practice tests, you'll be able to see exactly where you're going wrong and how you can fix your mistakes. The same thing happens if you play enough chess games. The main thing you need to know about chess is that the horsey moves in the shape of a fancy couch. AP Biology Content In this section, I'll include notes on each topic area in AP Biology followed by a list of videos that cover these topics as well. Most students should probably start with the notes to gather a solid foundation of knowledge. If you're reading the notes and you feel like you're going to fall asleep, try switching to a video explanation instead. The notes are more in-depth than the videos, so you should probably read them all at some point, but you can alternate between the different formats depending on how you feel and which learning style works best for you. You can even take notes to reinforce the informationas you watch the videos or print out the notes and use them as a guide when watching a video explanation. Don't feel pressured to commit to one type of resource over the other - switching it up every once in a while will keep things from getting boring. Notes and Outlines Big Idea 1: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life Natural selection Hardy-Weinberg Biodiversity Vertebrates Invertebrates Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Protists Fungi Plant evolution Animal evolution Big Idea 2: Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis Molecular biology Water Carbon/molecular diversity of life Macromolecules Homeostasis Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport chain Anaerobic respiration Metabolism Cell structure Prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes Eukaryotic cell structure Cell membrane properties Active transport Passive transport Phospholipid bilayer Immune response Big Idea 3: Living systems store, receive, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes Genes DNA structure and replication Mendel and the laws of inheritance Cell cycle Mitosis Meiosis Cancerous cells Cell communication Viruses Endocrine system Nervous system Big Idea 4: Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties How Plants Work Plant Structure Transport in Vascular Plants Plant Nutrition Circulatory system and respiratory system Digestive system Excretory system Muscular and skeletal systems Ecology Behavioral Population Community Ah plants. They're like animals, but they eat the sun! Alive. Videos Bozeman Science This YouTube channel has a whole playlist of â€Å"AP Biology Video Essentials.† Topics of Special Interest: The New AP Biology Exam: A User’s Guide Photosynthesis and Respiration Transport Across Cell Membranes Cellular Organelles Mendelian Genetics DNA and RNA Nervous System Amoeba Sisters This is a YouTube channel with a bunch of cute videos that explain biological concepts simply and with a touch of humor. Topics of Special Interest (there are more if you check out the full playlist): Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis DNA Replication and Structure Protein Synthesis Osmosis Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Bacteria Plant Structure Inheritance Viruses Food Webs and Energy Exchange Systems of the Human Body Crash Course Full Biology Playlist (includes a couple of extra videos that aren’t on this list of main topics if you’re interested!) Topics of Special Interest: Heredity Natural Selection Population Genetics Species Classification (Taxonomy) Cellular Respiration Structure and function of animal cells and plant cells Cell Membranes and Transport Biological Molecules Photosynthesis DNA Structure and Replication Mitosis and Meiosis Plant Reproduction Ecology The Body’s Systems: Nervous System Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Digestive System Excretory System Skeletal System Muscular System Immune System Endocrine System Reproductive System Khan Academy There’s a long playlist of Biology videos on Khan Academy’s channel.These go more in-depth into various aspects of different biological concepts and are longer than the videos from the other channels.They’re a bit of a commitment, but they can help you become even more of a biology expert. At the original Khan Academy, everyone had to take Pillaging 101 as a prerequisite unless they got really high scores on the SAT (Scourge Aptitude Test). AP Biology Labs This section includes all the information you need to know about AP Biology labs. The documents I've referenced for each lab are the official College Board descriptions. They're pretty extensive, but you don't have to read every word; I'd recommend skipping to the second section of each document where the headings become red instead of blue (the blue section is more for teachers than students). Pay attention to the questions that are asked in the documents as each step of the lab process is completed. Contemplating and understanding the answers to these questions will help you to get a better handle on the purpose of the lab. At the very least, you should review the Background and Procedure for each lab to refresh your memory of what you did and why. Notes and Outlines There are thirteen labs included in the AP Biology curriculum.Here’s a link to a page that briefly goes through all of the labs you’ll do in a standard AP Biology class.These are categorized by â€Å"Big Idea† to match the structure of the course's content. Labs for Big Idea 1 1. Artificial selection2. Mathematical modeling (Hardy-Weinberg)3. Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships Labs for Big Idea 2 4. Diffusion and Osmosis5. Photosynthesis6. Cellular Respiration Labs for Big Idea 3 7. Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis8. Biotechnology: Bacterial Transformation9. Biotechnology: Restriction Enzyme Analysis of DNA Labs for Big Idea 4 10. Energy Dynamics11. Transpiration12. Fruit Fly Behavior13. Enzyme Activity Make sure you go through the actual lab work you did in class as well. Reports and data based on your own experiences are the most valuable resources for this aspect of the curriculum. Videos Bozeman Science Labs 1 through 7 Labs 8 through 13 Unfortunately, I wasn’t able to find many videos going through the AP Biology labs because the current labs are relatively new, and most videos deal with the pre-2012 lab structure. Some types of labs are cuter than others. Study Resources to Test Your Knowledge In this section are some of the best resources you can use during your AP Biology prep. Quizlet This site has many different user-created sets of terms that you can use to review for the AP test or any other in-class tests.Check out thisUltimate AP Biology Vocabulary Review; there are over 1,000 terms to help you review what you’ve learned.You can study them in flashcard form and then quiz yourself all in one place!Quizlet also has tons of other AP Biology study sets that will help you review all the details you need to know for different units.You can sign up for free. Learnerator There are some good practice questionshere that cover the main concepts within each big idea of the AP Biology curriculum.I like that they include many questions about lab procedures to ensure that you don’t lose out on the lab aspect of biology studying.If you go through all the questions, the site will tell you whether you’re prepared for the test based on how many you answer correctly in each section.You should take this with a grain of salt, but it is helpful as a way to see exactly which concepts are giving you the most trouble. Clear Biology This site has a few different practice resources.Here’s a worksheet for grid-in questions as well as detailed instructions for answering these types of questions. And here are some tips for answering free response questions. Varsity Tutors There are tons of mini practice quizzes on this site for all the AP Biology topics, andthey’re rated by difficulty level, so you’ll know whether you really have a topic down. Diagnostic tests are also available for a more holistic look at your strengths and weaknesses. Barron’s You can take a free practice test on the Barron’s website without purchasing the review book.Choose between timed and un-timed versions: barronsbooks.com/ap/bio/. Wow, those were some XTREMEly awesome study tools! I don't know why I'm trying to relate to AP Biology students with a vague sports reference. But I'm sure some of you do the sports ball playing. Conclusion With the tips and tools in this AP Biology study guide, you should be able to formulate a comprehensive approach to studying. You can use these resources throughout the year as you build up your knowledge, or you can use them just in the month(s) before the AP test, depending on how you learn best. Here's a little review of everything I've covered. Your study plan should consist of: Taking practice tests Analyzing mistakes Studying weak content areas Revising test-taking strategies Some study tips to remember are: Draw out systems and processes so you can understand them better Don't just memorize facts, make connections to larger themes Make sure you're familiar with your labs and the principles of experimental design Take practice tests frequently You can use notes from your class as well as the notes in this guide as anchors for your studying. If you learn better by watching videos, you should definitely check out the video explanations of different concepts that I've listed above. And once again, don't forget to go over your labs!This is a tough subject, and there's a lot to remember, but if you give yourself enough time to absorb it all and are conscious of where you need the most improvement, you can master the skills you need to be successful in your class and on the test. What's Next? If you're taking AP Biology, you probably have big plans for higher education. Find out how many AP classes you should take in high school if you're looking at highly selective colleges. What does a high score on an AP test get you? Learn more about how AP credit works at colleges. Do you need to take a couple of SAT Subject Tests to submit with your college applications? Read this article for an explanation of the differences between AP tests and SAT Subject Tests and an overview of the challenges presented by each. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Free Essays on Learning Faster

In an article titled "No Books please; we're students, written by John Leo, various explanations are offered by several professors around the country that attempt to explain why college students seem to be more disengaged towards their studies. In the article suggestions range from students not being motivated enough to handle the college work load to the idea that students who are now â€Å"engulfed by an amusement culture† aren’t being entertained enough by their teachers. The article was written nearly eight years ago but the problem being discussed still exists today and there is a considerable amount of different reasons why college students are uninterested in school. Personally I believe that the reason for this seemingly detrimental behavior among today’s college students is a result of the progression of technology in recent years. If I were to compare the internet to what it was eight years ago I’m sure I would see that it has gotten bigger, faster, and if anything else smarter. With this being said students are now capable of obtaining reliable information faster then ever before which may very well equate to time they have to spend studying. I can use the University of Nevada Las Vegas Library as an example. If anyone wanted to do research on a specific topic one could simply go to the library and access a program called info tract which allows a person to gain access to any article relating to a specific subject, any subject. By doing this, people no longer have to spend so much time flipping through pages of books looking for the exact information they need in order to make a valid point. Programs like Info-Tract can absolutely eradicate the once only option of walking down hallways trying to find the book, or magazine of their choice. Maybe students aren’t spending less time doing home work maybe they are obtaining the information faster than others used to. The arrival of new technology has surely transformed ... Free Essays on Learning Faster Free Essays on Learning Faster In an article titled "No Books please; we're students, written by John Leo, various explanations are offered by several professors around the country that attempt to explain why college students seem to be more disengaged towards their studies. In the article suggestions range from students not being motivated enough to handle the college work load to the idea that students who are now â€Å"engulfed by an amusement culture† aren’t being entertained enough by their teachers. The article was written nearly eight years ago but the problem being discussed still exists today and there is a considerable amount of different reasons why college students are uninterested in school. Personally I believe that the reason for this seemingly detrimental behavior among today’s college students is a result of the progression of technology in recent years. If I were to compare the internet to what it was eight years ago I’m sure I would see that it has gotten bigger, faster, and if anything else smarter. With this being said students are now capable of obtaining reliable information faster then ever before which may very well equate to time they have to spend studying. I can use the University of Nevada Las Vegas Library as an example. If anyone wanted to do research on a specific topic one could simply go to the library and access a program called info tract which allows a person to gain access to any article relating to a specific subject, any subject. By doing this, people no longer have to spend so much time flipping through pages of books looking for the exact information they need in order to make a valid point. Programs like Info-Tract can absolutely eradicate the once only option of walking down hallways trying to find the book, or magazine of their choice. Maybe students aren’t spending less time doing home work maybe they are obtaining the information faster than others used to. The arrival of new technology has surely transformed ...

Free Essays on The Birthmark

Vanity and pride are often considered major sins of the flesh. In Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark†, vanity and pride play major roles in the downfall of the characters, especially Georgiana. Georgiana is responsible for her own fate to a limited extent due to her husband’s vanity, the time period she lived in, and her own soft personality. The reader is able to follow Georgiana’s downfall throughout the story until the final climax of her personality flaws and Aylmer’s sins ends in her death. The primary cause of Georgiana’s downfall was one that was out of her control. She mainly fell victim to her husband’s vanity. Georgiana’s birthmark was a part of her and she was accustomed to seeing it upon her cheek. She received compliments about it. The fact that the birthmark was emblazoned on her cheek had never been a cause of concern for her. For Aylmer, the birthmark was a flaw that grew more egregious with every passing day. Aylmer was so concerned with Georgiana’s only physical flaw that his vanity took over his rational thinking. Georgiana fell victim to his vanity due to the fact that she wanted to be pleasing to her husband, and the only way for her to be pleasing to Aylmer was to be rid of the birthmark. Georgiana also fell victim to the time period in which she existed. In Georgiana’s society a woman was subject to her husband. Aylmer wanted to remove the birthmark; Georgiana would not refute him. The birthmark made Georgiana an abomination to her husband. This played heavily enough on Georgiana’s psyche that she began to become self-conscious about the mark. Georgiana is so desperate to fit her husband’s ideal that she is willing to give her life, if it means the birthmark would be refuted and she would be perfect in Aylmer’s eyes. This factor was somewhat out of Georgiana’s control. Women of her time were conditioned to be complacent; therefore, she felt compelled to do her husband... Free Essays on The Birthmark Free Essays on The Birthmark Vanity and pride are often considered major sins of the flesh. In Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Birthmark†, vanity and pride play major roles in the downfall of the characters, especially Georgiana. Georgiana is responsible for her own fate to a limited extent due to her husband’s vanity, the time period she lived in, and her own soft personality. The reader is able to follow Georgiana’s downfall throughout the story until the final climax of her personality flaws and Aylmer’s sins ends in her death. The primary cause of Georgiana’s downfall was one that was out of her control. She mainly fell victim to her husband’s vanity. Georgiana’s birthmark was a part of her and she was accustomed to seeing it upon her cheek. She received compliments about it. The fact that the birthmark was emblazoned on her cheek had never been a cause of concern for her. For Aylmer, the birthmark was a flaw that grew more egregious with every passing day. Aylmer was so concerned with Georgiana’s only physical flaw that his vanity took over his rational thinking. Georgiana fell victim to his vanity due to the fact that she wanted to be pleasing to her husband, and the only way for her to be pleasing to Aylmer was to be rid of the birthmark. Georgiana also fell victim to the time period in which she existed. In Georgiana’s society a woman was subject to her husband. Aylmer wanted to remove the birthmark; Georgiana would not refute him. The birthmark made Georgiana an abomination to her husband. This played heavily enough on Georgiana’s psyche that she began to become self-conscious about the mark. Georgiana is so desperate to fit her husband’s ideal that she is willing to give her life, if it means the birthmark would be refuted and she would be perfect in Aylmer’s eyes. This factor was somewhat out of Georgiana’s control. Women of her time were conditioned to be complacent; therefore, she felt compelled to do her husband... Free Essays on The Birthmark In â€Å"The Birthmark†, Hawthorne described a young scientist who killed his own wife by pursuing a â€Å"perfect future† (1) while trying to remove a birthmark on his wife’s face. This becomes an obsession to Alymer and this obsession proves to be fatal to Gerogiana. The Birthmark on Georgiana face was not seen as ugly but merely as an imperfection to her overall beauty. It was the birth mark that made her human. â€Å"Nature, in one shape or another, stamps ineffaceable on all her reproductions†(2). When Alymer married Gerogiana he put little thought into the birth mark that was on her face. During the marriage Alymer became obsessed with the mark and believed it to be her â€Å"liability to sin, sorrow, decay, and death†(2). Alymer becomes increasingly obsessed with the mark and Gerorgiana tells Alymer to â€Å"do whatever necessary to remove the birth mark no matter what the consequences†(3). She tells him this instead of going off and finding someone who was perfect in his eyes. This is her downfall. She is willing to risk her life for her perfection so that her husband will have a peace of mind. She would do â€Å"what ever necessary to relieve her husband from his misery caused by her birth mark†(3). Some believed that Georgiana’s birthmark was actually the source of her life. That the mark on her face was connected to her blood line that kept her body going with the blood necessary to live. The birth mark was â€Å"In the centre of Georgiana’s left cheek,†¦a singular mark, deeply interwoven, as it were with the texture and substance of her face†(2). The birth mark â€Å"serves as the grasp that nature holds on her† (2) Nature has put a balance on all life. Georgiana was perfect in every way except for her birth mark. Nature put the birth mark on her to keep the balance of life. When Alymer attempted to remove the birth mark he altered the balance. â€Å"Since nature can not be changed or altered†¦punishmen... Free Essays on The Birthmark The Birthmark Imperfections are found in everyone. The difference is that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Those in true love, love unconditionally. The flaws they find in those they love are found to be unique, and make them more amazing to their lover. If someone is not in love, but they believe they are, the quirks and flaws they find in the person can be found to completely destroy the perfect picture they had created for themselves. In the story, â€Å"The Birthmark,† by Hawthorne, the flaw of the Georgiana starts to nag at Aylmer, he forgets all that he loves about her which allows him to be disgusted with her flaw will and drive him completely insane Although the two characters, Aylmer and Georgiana, in â€Å"The Birthmark† believe they are in love, Aylmer is not. In the beginning of their relationship, Aylmer believes Georgiana is gorgeous, but shortly after their marriage, he begins to pick at her most noticeable blemish. The hand shaped birthmark on her left cheek was thought by her other lovers that a fairy had pressed a tiny hand to her face at her birth and this impression was left. At first Aylmer didn’t mind her minor flaw, but soon it began to drive him mad. When she blushes, it conceals itself among her rosy cheek, but when she is pale, it sticks out at him. He finds her now to be imperfect and will risk her life to change her appearance and to make it perfect. Knowing how many times he has failed at most of his experiments, Aylmer will still put Georgiana’s life in danger in order to succumb to his own needs. This in essence shows us that he truly does not care about Georgiana, while she on the other hand is so blindly in love with him that even knowing the consequences still goes along with his experiment. She cares more about Aylmer’s happiness then she does of her own which shows that she loves him unselfishly. At first she is very upset by his suggestion that she should get it removed, b... Free Essays on The Birthmark Individualism In the story â€Å"The Birthmark† by Nathaniel Hawthorne there is an underlying theme of individualism. The character Aylmer is a scientific person. The fact that the whole story is about removing a physical flaw from Georgiana’s face when she is obviously beautiful demonstrates the degree of individualism between men and women. Men’s lives are public and open to society and the lives of women are private. As the story progresses Aylmer sees the birth mark as progressively more repugnant when he originally found Georgiana beautiful. Aylmer only sees Georgiana’s superficial beauty and no longer sees her for her inner beauty, the beauty of nature. Aylmer is a man, who in his time had a public life. The lives of women were seen differently than the lives of men. Women’s lives tend to be more private. The theme of individualism as is portrayed in â€Å"The Birthmark† is much different than today’s. Hawthorne is setting out to warn people that the rules of individualism can be harmful if used irresponsibly. Because Aylmer’s public life is to be seen by all, he is ashamed of the birthmark on his wife’s face. By wanting to remove Georgina’s birthmark he was attempting to redeem him self at any cost. Hawthorne also wants the reader to understand that when men take the role of god into their own hands. With this power the results are usually disastrous. Aylmer and Georgiana are talking about a potion that has the power to postpone death indefinitely, and in her disbelief, she says, â€Å"Aylmer are you in earnest?† Asked Georgiana, looking at him in amazement and fear; â€Å"it is a terrible thing to possess such power, or even to dream of possessing it (Hawthorne, 1963, p. 211)!† This theory of man playing God that Hawthorne points out has been a part of man’s public nature from the beginning of time. There is always a price to pay for individualism. In â€Å"The Birthmark† Aylmer and ... Free Essays on The Birthmark THE BIRTHMARK â€Å"The Birthmark† written in 1843 by Nathaniel Hawthorne tells the tale of husband’s insane obsession with his wife’s perfection, and wife’s willingness to forgo her own happiness in order to prove her undying love to her husband. â€Å"The Birthmark† though written in the 19th century can still be attributed to modern day life styles. Even now we are still trying to obtain â€Å"perfection† through plastic surgery, magical elixirs, and 24 hour fat burning diet pills. Nathaniel Hawthorne was born July 4, 1804 in Salem Massachusetts, the descendent of a long line of puritan ancestors, including John Hawthorne, a presiding magistrate in the Salem witch trails. After his father was lost at sea when he was four, his mother became overly protective and pushed him toward more isolated pursuits. It is said that Hawthorne felt a responsibility for his ancestor’s role in the witch trials. His secluded childhood left him overly shy and he turned his attention to reading. As a child he is known to have studied Shakespeare, Milton, Pope and Thompson. In 1821 Hawthorne entered Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, where he graduated three years later. There he distinguished himself in the classics, and he wrote several creditable English poems. Also, while at college he became acquainted with the likes of Henry W. Longfellow and Franklin Pierce. Though often held as an excellent writer, Hawthorne could not support himself financially and accepted an appointment as a weigher in the Customs House. After two years of public service a change in the administration left him unemployed and he returned to Salem where he wrote a collection of children’s short stories called â€Å"Grandfather’s Chair†. A new period in his life commenced in 1842 when he married Miss Sofia Peabody, and moved to Concord, Massachusetts. In 1845, yet another rift in the national administration secured for him the appointment of surveyor of The Custom Ho...

McDonald's as the Part of the Modern Culture Assignment

McDonald's as the Part of the Modern Culture - Assignment Example The researcher states that globalization is a broader term, however; the word globalization has been discussed in this article from the perspective of open markets and free entry and exit in international markets. The term in this article, therefore, indicates the expansion of McDonald’s into international markets without facing any significant challenge. The growth and expansion of globalization have ensured that the American products reach to the world markets. This was after the cold war when America became the superpower of the world which allowed American organizations to get access to the international markets. Based on the overall quality of the American products, new products were successfully launched in the international markets with more success as compared to the domestic or other international companies. The products which are going through the same problem as McDonald’s include soft drinks as well as other food products. This may be due to the fact that th ese products lack the product variety and diversification. This decline may be due to a strong emphasis on individuality and change in the Western societies as existing products may fail to provide a new change to the customers. The overall strategic response to such situations may, therefore, include the product development wherein these organizations must focus on new product development and add more varieties to their existing product lines. The most difficult aspect of doing this kind of business is the fact that despite offering low-cost products, the lack of individualism or rather excess of standardization becomes a headache. Organizations often fail to recognize the limits of their existing policies and continue to operate such policies without considering the end result.

Social Determinants of Health and Wellbeing Essay

Social Determinants of Health and Wellbeing - Essay Example 1999). A safe environment, adequate income, meaningful roles in society, secure housing, higher level of education and social support within communities are associated with better health and well being. It is these determinants that we refer to as the "social determinants of health" (Baum F. 1999). The key determinants of health are ethnicity, cultural factors, educational attainments, economic conditions, housing, employment security and access to and use of health care services contributing together to portray socioeconomic status in the society of Canada (Raphael, D., 2006). The SODH National Conference focused on the public policy environment (income and its distribution) and not on the characteristics associated with the individuals (income and social status). There are 11 SODS they are: Aboriginal status, early life, education, employment and working conditions, food security, health care services, housing, income and its distribution, social safety net, social exclusion, unemp loyment security (Raphael, D., 2006). The approaches for SDOH are Mid-level approach are a focus on mid-level determinants of health.

Female Bisexuality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Female Bisexuality - Research Paper Example An article in the New York Times discussed the concept of attraction as it relates to women. According to the article women were not as stimulated by the sight of men without clothes as women. Sensuality is more relevant to sexual arousal than is gender. What women find erotic is not based on the male nude form but the sensuality of the subject matter. Scientists have discussed the nature of attraction for women and have connected it to bisexuality in women. Researcher Meredith Chivers states that for women who are heterosexual â€Å"looking at a naked man walking on the beach is about as exciting as looking at landscapes.† Proving this point, she showed participants in her study landscapes of the Himalayas and naked men doing yoga or tossing stones in the ocean. Both sets of footage had the same response, but women doing calisthenics in the nude increased blood flow at a significant rate. The discussion in the article sought to explain how bisexual behavior has become a more common experience in female interactions. Newman (2008) writes that â€Å"Dr. Chivers’ work adds to a growing body of scientific evidence that places female sexuality along a continuum between heterosexuality and homosexuality, rather than as an either-or phenomenon†. Josephine Decker who directed a documentary called â€Å"Bi the Way† about the frequency of bisexual behavior in women states that women are more fluid in their sexuality. In contrast, when men who were identifying themselves as bisexual were given the same type of test by Dr. Chivers it was determined that they were more attracted to naked men than women. This suggests that there is a distinct difference between the way in which women and men are aroused from a visual perspective and that the concept of bisexual activity is likely founded through different perspectives on arousal. Even though female bisexual be havior is a trend in

Finance and risk management,Shipping finance Essay - 1

Finance and risk management,Shipping finance - Essay Example Financing the ship industry has always evolved with the prevailing market conditions. More investment has always been required in the industry above the owner’s potential to finance hence the need for banks. The industry has its strengths and weaknesses, there have been opportunities, and it has also seen threats. This paper examines the relationship between shipping financing and shipping markets, the major sources of capital available in the shipping industry, the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) in the industry. The shipping industry represents a substantial percentage of the world trade. The industry is one of the most effective forms of transport and the costs are relatively low. It costs 11 percent and 20 percent of the transportation cost on roads and rails respectively. If the business is doing well it can have a high capital return of about 25 percent per annum ( Nizam and Ghanem 15). Shipping industry is also a dynamic industry; there is continual investment in research and development of new technology. This contributes to the global technological growth. This industry is cyclical and relies on the changes of the global market. This makes the industry to be uncertain. The industry also experiences a shortage of skilled labour and management because there are few people who are professionals in this field. The image of this industry is poor; people tend to perceive the industry to be archaic and therefore outdated. Vessels also cause pollution of the environment through emission of CO2 and noise. There are initiatives to make ships more environmentally friendly. This will make ships more acceptable. There is also a long term plan to recruit, educate, and train skilled seafarers. This will close the gap pertaining to lack of skilled labour. There is an initiative to improve propulsion technology of ships through building bigger ships, nuclear powered ships,

Astronomy 101 for 2 year college Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Astronomy 101 for 2 year college - Lab Report Example 5% of them seem to split in two facular points; (h) they disappear simply by fading away in an intergranular space; (i) they never merge with another facular point or with a granule. C. Small dark regions called sunspots. Sunspots are cooler regions on the photosphere. Since they are 1000--1500 K cooler than the rest of the photosphere, they do not emit as much light and appear darker. B. During a total solar eclipse, an exceptional situation occurs, and for a few fleeting seconds, an emission spectrum can be observed. This happens at the very beginning of totality and just after the last bit of photosphere has been covered by the Moon. (Picture 1) For a period of several to perhaps ten seconds the chromosphere is visible as a red arc. (Recall that the chromosphere is a very thin layer just above the photosphere.) Often prominences are seen jutting from the chromosphere. The deep red color of the chromosphere comes from very strong emission in the hydrogen-alpha line at 656 nm. Because the chromosphere is quite rare and hot (with a temperature of about 10,000 K) it shows an emission spectrum in the absence of any light from the much brighter photosphere. Of course, the advance of the Moon soon covers the chromosphere and then the much rarer corona becomes visible as a broad white halo. Within minutes totality reaches completion, the chromosphere reappears on the o pposite side of the Sun followed seconds later by the overwhelming brightness of the photosphere. (Picture 2) Because the chromosphere is so thin, it forms an ideal subject for spectral imaging. A diffraction grating inserted in the light path of a telescope separates the light according to wavelength (just as in your spectrometer). An attached camera will then record the chromosphere imaged in each of the component wavelengths in its emission spectrum. This is the flash spectrum, so-called because of its brief accessibility. B. Because the chromosphere is quite rare and hot (with a temperature of

Finance and risk management,Shipping finance Essay - 1

Finance and risk management,Shipping finance - Essay Example Financing the ship industry has always evolved with the prevailing market conditions. More investment has always been required in the industry above the owner’s potential to finance hence the need for banks. The industry has its strengths and weaknesses, there have been opportunities, and it has also seen threats. This paper examines the relationship between shipping financing and shipping markets, the major sources of capital available in the shipping industry, the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) in the industry. The shipping industry represents a substantial percentage of the world trade. The industry is one of the most effective forms of transport and the costs are relatively low. It costs 11 percent and 20 percent of the transportation cost on roads and rails respectively. If the business is doing well it can have a high capital return of about 25 percent per annum ( Nizam and Ghanem 15). Shipping industry is also a dynamic industry; there is continual investment in research and development of new technology. This contributes to the global technological growth. This industry is cyclical and relies on the changes of the global market. This makes the industry to be uncertain. The industry also experiences a shortage of skilled labour and management because there are few people who are professionals in this field. The image of this industry is poor; people tend to perceive the industry to be archaic and therefore outdated. Vessels also cause pollution of the environment through emission of CO2 and noise. There are initiatives to make ships more environmentally friendly. This will make ships more acceptable. There is also a long term plan to recruit, educate, and train skilled seafarers. This will close the gap pertaining to lack of skilled labour. There is an initiative to improve propulsion technology of ships through building bigger ships, nuclear powered ships,

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Reflection paper - Essay Example I was told that this was the group to join as a college freshman from the UAE because the members were mostly sophomore and upper classmen who could help me learn the ropes and feel my way around the school community as a freshman. I was hesitant to approach the group at first because I felt embarrassed being a new comer to the school. I was not sure about how to introduce myself and ask to become a member of the group. Little did I know that my fears were totally unfounded. I was totally surprised when Ahmad Kabalawi, the president of the Middle Eastern Student Association himself approached me one time to introduce himself and ask if I wanted to attend a group meeting after classes the coming Saturday. Relief swept over me as I accepted the invitation. It turns out that it was not hard to join the group at all and they had been wondering as to why I had not approached them yet after a month of classes opening. I was so happy to join this group because they helped me overcome a lot of personal inhibitions that I had at the time. Being a new student whose first time it was away from home and my parents, I had a tendency to become very homesick. The senior members of the group helped me overcome my homesickness and desire to go home by keeping me busy in between classes. I was never alone because they always had group activities that I could participate in after classes and, most specially, I had a group of friend who understood my culture and belief system. That was very important to me because I needed to be able to keep a sense of home and my individuality while I attended school in the USA. I celebrated the important Middle Eastern and UAE holidays with the members of this group. When we were not busy bonding with each other, I helped them with their cultural information dissemination activities. We would sponsor mixers and hold friendly gatherings both on and off campus with others who were not from the Middle East in

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Though the novel is entitled The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and the story is told by Huck, the key character in the novel is Jim The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has two key characters, one is the slave Jim, the other; the protagonist Huck. Jim and Huck could each be considered the key characters for different reasons, Jim as he is the main representative of the typical slave (slavery being the most important theme of this novel) and Huck for he is the main storyteller. Jim is an important character in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, and without him the novel would be ineffectual. However The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a novel about the adventures of the protagonist Huck, and it is more likely that the key character of this novel is Huck because we see everything from his view. In a novel which is written as a satiric social comment upon the southern states of America Jims role as the manifestation of slavery must be a key one. Incidents in which Jim interacts with other characters and their reactions to him are meant to symbolise the wider societys opinions on slaves and the practice of slavery. Jim, is a heroic figure in a book whose main characters consist of liars, cheats and scoundrels. Jim always does the right thing if he can, he always feels empathy for others even if those people show no such emotions for him. The incident at the end of the novel when he saves Tom and risks what he believes to be his own freedom is a case in point. We empathise with Jim because even though other characters suggest that his feelings are least important, whose life is lesser, whose existence is trivial, he manages to stay cheerful, and even kind to those who treat him in this manner. This quality makes him even more heroic, for he is a figure who turns the other cheek, and is kind to others no matter what. Jim doesnt lie or cheat, or steal or gamble and looks down on these activities. Jim is never bitter, he never complains, and never expects Huck to return or even notice what he does for him. However this is no to say that Huck is not heroic himself, his support for Jim, a black man, who Huck has been taught is inferior and as important as a pack horse is astounding, and displays that Huck is strong enough and heroic enough to make the harder choice and choose his heart over his conscience. An example of Huck choosing his heart occurs just after Jim has been sold by the King and the Duke for forty dollars, Huck believes he has been forced to make a choice between Jim and heaven. He chooses Jim with the words All right then, Ill go to hell. It is Jims escape and the subsequent threat of his re-capture that provides the reason for himself and Huck to leave the island and travel down the river where most of their adventures occur. Without Jim Twain would lack a reason for Huck to travel down the river and experience what he experiences, without Jim this would be little more than a story about a boy who fakes his own death, and then lives on an island. Add to this the fact that Jim is the leader during the travel down the river. He is the one who knows all the signs of weather, either good or bad, it is he who makes their journey its success and ensures their lives. Jim is the maturest out of himself and Huck. Hucks immaturity is shown when he puts the rattlesnake in Jims sleeping bag, or when he plays a trick on Jim during the fog. Jims maturity is displayed by his reaction to the incident when Huck plays a trick on him during the fog. Without Jim the novel would be innefectual because Hucks development would be stunted without him. One prime example of Jims importance occurs when Huck comes closer to fully realising that Jim is a real person too and the colour of his skin does not diminish his humanity. Huck has realised that Jim is a human and that he should not play tricks on him or regard him as stupid, around the end of the novel Huck says I knowed he was white inside, Huck is expresing his realisation that Jim is a human in the only way he knows through making Jim white. Hucks realisation is well brought across to us just after he has hidden in the fog, and returned to Jim, Jim works out that Huck is trying to trick him and reacts very badly to Hucks prank. Huck then says. it was fifteen minutes before I could work myself to humble to a nigger- but I done it, and I warnt ever sorry for it afterwards, neither. I didnt do him no more mean tricks, and I wouldnt done that one if Id knowed it would make him feel that way. Huck and Jim have a symbiotic relationship, they need each other Huck needs Jim to remain dynamic and keep our attention, and Jim needs Huck to justify his presence in the novel. Jims effect on Huck is huge it is through Jim that Huck begins to learn about how the colour of skin does not alter the person inside. An example of this occurs when Huck says and I do believe he cared just as much for his people as white folks does for theirn . Huck justifies Jims existence as a character of substance in this novel, for through helping Huck and caring for him, Jim is makes an impact on the reader, and hence makes his position in the novel as one of its main characters more tenable. However while it is obviously true that Jim teaches Huck he is not Hucks only teacher, several other characters such as Pap and Tom also teach Huck valuable lessons. One example of Huck being taught by someone other than Jim occurs when Huck says If I never learnt nothin else out of pap, I learnt that the best way to get along with his kind of people is to let them have their own way. It is through Huck and his reactions to various events that Twain passes on his opinions to the reader. Huck is a character through which the author, in Twain puts across his point of view, for example Hucks realisation that Jim is also a human and also important. Twain is trying to get this message across to the public. Huck is a representation of the common person at the beginning of the novel. He is white, uneducated, simple, and not willing to think about what he is told just willing to accept it. Hucks realisations about right and wrong, and importantly his own ability to determine this for himself are drawn out and argued logically inside a story which will hold the readers attention. Through Huck Twain frames all the key issues of freedom, racism and slavery, personal integrity and social rebellion against social attitudes of the period. This occurs when Huck interacts with key characters who are representative of a theme or an idea being presented by Twain. For example his interaction with Tom who represents conventional social attitudes, as the novel progresses Huck is less inclined to accept what Tom says or does as correct. One example of this occurs when Huck quits Tom Sawyers band of thieves, he no longer agrees with Tom, and many of Toms imagined incidents such as that of rading the summer school picnic no longer hold any credence with Huck. This moving away from Tom and what he represents, is an indication of Twains rejection of conventional social values. Jim is the symbolic representation of only one of these points of discussion, slavery. Jim is only a part of that whole because he represents only one of the themes that Twain is discussing in this novel. Unlike Huck, Jim is not the one who reveals the authors opinions through his actions and reactions he is merely representative of one of these ideas. Without Hucks presence the novel lacks a unifying element. Jim is unable to fill the void in this regard as he is a relatively static character who does not change. This is unlike the dynamic Huck who changes some of his opinions and learns about many things ranging from serious issues such as slavery to simpler things such as to how to discern what the weather will be. The most important factor that leads me to argue that Huck is the protagonist comes from the fact that the whole novel is told in first person. It is Hucks views not Jims that we get, it is his outlook that colours our opinion, and most importantly his vernacular we read. In fact Jim himself is seen through Hucks eyes, with Hucks opinion colouring our own. Huck is omnipresent, this is not so with Jim he continuously disappears when it does not serve Twain to have him in the episode. Debates inside Hucks mind, the incident when Huck plays a trick on Jim during the fog, and even the whole Shepardson, Grangerford incident are lacking the presence of Jim. When Huck meets the Shepardsons and the Grangerfords, for example Jim magically disappears into the bushes to repair the raft. Huck is in every moment of the novel, and other characters are merely there because they interact with Huck, Jim is no exception. Jim is an extremely important character in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Jim represents slavery the major theme of the novel, is forgiving, and kind, however this makes him a heroic character, not the key character. Huck on the other hand is the key character by virtue of his predominance throughout the book, he is on every page, and every line and unlike Jim he is the character who reveals and in effect discusses issues through his reactions, action and interaction with other characters. Hence it is fair and logical to conclude that although important Jim is not the key character of the novel, that honour must go to Huck.

Ultrasonography Advantages and Disadvantages

Ultrasonography Advantages and Disadvantages ULTRASONOGRAPHY Ultrasonography is a sound based diagnostic imaging technique used for visualising subcutaneous body structures including muscles joints vessels and internal organs for possible pathology and lesions. Sonography was introduced in the Medical field in early 1950s with steady development. The requirement of Ultrasound has gained importance in medical field and slowly its use in dentistry is also advancing. In Ultrasonography high frequency sound waves are transmitted in to the body by a transducer and the reflected waves are detected and displayed on a monitor. Sound reflection occurs between materials with different acoustic properties. The acoustic impedance of a medium is the product of its density and the propagation velocity in the medium. The transducers are intended to produce longitudinal waves therefore only those waves can pass through tissues get reflected, Audio frequency of a sound wave is 20 KHz any frequency above this is known as ultrasound. Medical Ultrasound uses the frequency of 1-15 MHz. The transducer contains quartz crystals and works on a principle called as piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric effect is when a force is applied perpendicular to the faces of a quartz crystal an electric charge will result. This charge can be de ­tected and amplified, producing a useful electric signal. Conversely, if an electric sig ­nal is applied to the crystal, expansion or con ­traction of the crystal will take place depend ­ing on the polarity of the signal. Oscillating signals cause the crystal to vi ­brate, resulting in propagation of sound waves into the medium with which the crystal is in contact.52 Advantages of this imaging technique include – Non invasive Non ionizing radiation is used Simple Real time imaging Portable machine Can repeat and easy to store Less artifacts Disadvantages include – Operator and equipment dependant Hard tissue cannot be imaged Deep structures cannot be visualized Application of Ultrasonography in dentistry: Ultrasonography has been used as non-invasive technique for the imaging of relatively deep areas. Recently, however high frequency USG has been developed that can provide detail investigation of more superficial regions.53, 54 USG has extensive range of use in dentistry such as to detect cyst and tumors of orofacial region, lympadenitis, space infections, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders and mid face fractures. USG can detect of fractures of the maxillofacial region i.e. nasal bone fractures, orbital rim fractures, maxillary fractures, mandibular fractures, zygomatic arch fractures as well as reduction healing of fractures. Ultrasound is used to detect parotid lesions, where solid and cystic lesions are reliably differentiated and diffuse enlargement of the parotid gland (or) focal disease is readily shown by ultrasound. Sonographically, benign lesions usually appear well defined, homogeneous and hypoechoic, while malignant lesions tend to be ill defined and hypoechoic with heterogeneous internal architecture and enlarged cervical lymph node may be visible and reactive intra parotid lymph nodes may also be readily assessed.55, 56, 57 USG can also be used during FNAC. This technique offers the ability to sample non palpable diseases, gives access to different regions of the lesion and approaches the lesion from different angles. During biopsy of parotid gland there is chance of injuring the facial nerve (or) seeding neoplastic cells, under ultrasound guidance these can be avoided.56 The value of USG is well recognized in inflammatory soft tissue conditions of the head and neck region and superficial tissue disorders of the maxillofacial region. Ultra sound can provide the content of the lesion before any surgical procedure; both solid and cystic contents could be identified in ultrasound. The mixed lesions should be considered neoplastic and should be biopsied before surgical procedure.USG helps in detecting the extend of space infections in oral and maxillofacial region. Ultrasound is also an precise modality for measuring the thickness of muscles, data regarding thickness may provide information useful in diagnosis and treatment especially in follow up examination in cases of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD).58 USG is indiacted in TMD to evaluate the osseous contours of joints and joint space, joint effusion, detection of disc position and dynamic evaluation and inflammatory disorders like Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis etc. Ultrasound can also be used for detecting sialoliths in parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, which appear as echo-dense spots with a characteristic acoustic shadow.59 In Ultrasound, color Doppler sonography has been developed to identify vasculatures and to enable evaluation of the blood flow, velocity and vessel resistance together with surrounding Morphology. It can be used for detecting the course of the facial artery and for detecting hemangioma. So the use of ultrasound is unlimited, so proper application of this Imaging can be of use in detecting various normal pathological lesions in the maxillofacial region. Literature search Manjunath K et al (2011) evaluated oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) by clinical and histopathological examination, and compared the results with those from ultrasonographic technique.30 clinically diagnosed OSMF patients were subjected to both ultrasonographic and histopathological evaluation before treatment. Later, only ultrasonographical examination using 9-5 MHz transducer was done during 4thand 8thweek of treatment. Intralesional injections of a combination of dexamethasone sodium phosphate 4 mg/ml and hyaluronidase 1500 IU twice a week for 8 weeks were given. At each visit, following topical application of lignocaine 2%, 1500 IU of hyaluronidase was dissolved in 2.0 ml of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in a 2 ml disposable syringe and the drugs were injected at multiple sites submucosally by means of a gauge 24 needle, taking care that not more than 0.2 ml solution was injected per site. Prognosis of the lesion for the treatment was evaluated. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) of bloo d in the lesional area was statistically analyzed. 10 normal individuals without any mucosal lesions were considered as the control group.In normal individuals, ultrasonography delineated normal mucosa with uniform fine mottled appearance with interspersed hypoechoic areas. Colour Doppler and spectral Doppler depicted uniform distribution of blood vessels and normal peak systolic velocity of blood respectively. All OSMF patients were diagnosed upon clinical and histopathological examination. Clinical examination revealed 14 individuals with unilateral palpable fibrotic bands and 16 individuals with bilateral fibrotic bands whereas, ultrasonographic evaluation revealed 6 individuals with unilateral fibrotic bands and 24 individuals were with bilateral fibrotic bands, which was statistically significant. Ultrasonography demonstrated number, length and thickness of the fibrotic bands. Color Doppler and spectral Doppler showed decreased vascularity and PSV in lesional area. Prognosis ev aluation revealed 25 cases of good prognosis and 5 cases were showed poor prognosis. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test revealed no significant difference of PSV was seen in poor prognosis patients.The study concluded that Ultrasonography could be a better diagnostic tool compared to clinical and histopathological examination.2 Krithika C et al (2013) assessed the sonographic features of the buccal mucosa in patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF).Three groups (controls with areca-related habits, controls without areca-related habits and clinically diagnosed OSF cases), each comprising 30 subjects, were included in the study. After a thorough clinical examination, transcutaneous B-mode ultrasonography was performed with a multifrequency linear transducer (5-10à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ °MHz) for anterior and posterior buccal mucosa bilaterally. Both clinical and ultrasound findings were recorded by three independent observers. One-way analysis of variance and Tukeys honestly significant difference post-hoc tests were used for statistical comparisons between groups and Pearson χ (2) tests to compare the proportions. Kappa statistics was used to determine the interobserver agreement. The submucosa that appeared hypoechoic in the control groups had significantly increased echogenicity in the case group (hypo- to isoechoic in 46.7% and isoechoic in 53.3%). The differentiation between the submucosa and the muscle layer appeared distinct in the control groups while it was not clear in the case group (indistinct in 50% and completely lost in 50%). The number of sites found positive on the ultrasound was significantly greater than the number of clinically positive sites. There was a very good inter observer consistency in clinical and ultrasound findings. Ultrasonography of the buccal mucosa demonstrated increased submucosal echogenicity and reduced echo differentiation between submucosa and muscle layer in OSF cases. Hence, it can be used as a non-invasive imaging modality to assess the disease extent and severity across the entire buccal mucosa to supplement clinical evaluation.7 P Rangaiah (2010) performed a hospital based cross sectional study to measure the thickness of submucosa with the application of high frequency ultrasonography (USG) in cases and controls and to correlate clinical and histological stages of the disease with the USG measurements. Study consisted of 20 subjects who were clinically and histopathologically proven of OSMF and 20 controls who were selected by matching the age body mass index to OSMF patients. Transcutaneous imaging of Buccal and labial submucosa was done using a high frequency (3-12 MHz) USG. The values were correlated with the habit and clinical and histological staging of the disease. Result The mean submucosal thickness of ABM for cases was0.209  ± 0.072 cms and for controls was 0.056  ± 0.011 cms, PBM for cases was 0.218  ± 0.080 and for controls was 0.057  ± 0.010 cms, ULM for cases was 0.149  ± 0.051 cms and for controls was 0.055  ± 0.015 cms, and for LLM for cases was 0.162  ± 0.052 cms and for the c ontrols was 0.060  ± 0.017 cms. The study group had a increased submucosal thickness when compared to control group in all the measured sites. A significant positive association was obtained in relation of submucosal thickness with frequency of chewing habits. An insignificant correlation was obtained with respect to submucosal thickness with duration of habit and duration of quid keeping. An incompatibility was noted when comparison of clinical and histological staging was done with USG measurements, which could be attributed to smaller sample size, unequal number of subjects in each staging of OSMF. But many cases showed definite increase in submucosal thickness as the disease progressed from early to advanced stage. Echogenecity pattern of submucosa showed areas of irregular hyperechoic (increased) linear streaks due to fibrotic deposits in cases. In the contrary the submucosa of controls appeared as a band of hypoechoic zone. Conclusion of the present preliminary study was abl e to establish the normal values of submucosal thickness ultrasonographically for a small group of South Indian population. The study showed a significant increase in submucosal thickness in OSMF patients which was measured ultrasonographically.60 Devathambi JR (2013) evaluated the efficacy of ultrasonography (USG) as a non-invasive tool in assessing the severity of OSMF and also to assess the relationship between OSMF and hypertrophy of the masseter muscle. The submucosal thickness in buccal mucosa and masseteric muscle hypertrophy were measured using ultrasound (10-15 MHz) in 60 patients comprising 30 OSMF patients and 30 controls. Results were analyzed by one way analysis of variance, Chi-square test and t- test. The range of the normal submucosal thickness in the study was between 0.045 and 0.056 cm.the submucosal thickness in OSMF patients ranged between 0.090cm to 0.258.As the stages of OSMF advanced there was an increase in submucosal thickness of the buccal mucosa as well as masseter muscle thickness in both relaxed and contracted state in the study group when compared with controls (P61 P Kant (2014) evaluated the efficacy of ultrasonography (USG) as a non-invasive tool in assessing the severity of OSMF and also to assess the relationship between OSMF and hypertrophy of the masseter muscle. The submucosal thickness in buccal mucosa and masseteric muscle hypertrophy were measured using ultrasound (10-15 MHz) in 60 patients comprising 30 OSMF patients and 30 controls. Results were analyzed by one way analysis of variance, Chi-square test and t-test. As the stages of OSMF advanced there was an increase in submucosal thickness of the buccal mucosa as well as masseter muscle thickness in both relaxed and contracted state in the study group when compared with controls (p62 Kamala KA et al (2010) investigated thickness of masseter muscle at rest and at maximum clenching position by ultrasonography with masseter muscle hypertrophy in OSMF patient and control group, and also to establish the normal value of masseter muscle thickness ultrasonographically and to prove that ultrasonography is reliable diagnostic technique for the evaluation of masseter muscle hypertrophy in oral submucous fibrosis patient. Ultrasonographic (3-12 MHz) measurement of masseter muscle thickness was performed in 40 subjects including 20 OSMF patients and 20 controls. Study group showed higher thickness both on right and left buccal mucosa when compared to controls. The thickness of masseter muscle was more in contracted stage than relaxed stage which was significant.63 J Jackowski et al (1999) compared the ultrasonographic appearances of the oral mucosa in health with patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).An innovative 20 MHz US scanner was used to examine the lips, cheeks and oral vestibule of ten healthy persons and ten patients with SSc. The clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological features of one patient with a fibro-epithelial polyp of the buccal mucosa are reported in detail. Two patients with SSc displayed increased echogenicity due to fibrotic deposits. A similar echo pattern was seen in the case of the histopathologically verified fibro-epithelial polyp of the buccal mucosa. The study concluded that 20 MHz sonography may be suitable as a non-invasive tool for evaluation of fibrosis of the oral mucosa.64 Praveen Kumar Pandey et al (2011) The purpose of the study was to establish the role of ultrasonography in determining the involvement of specific fascial spaces in maxillofacial region and the stage of infection, in indicating the appropriate time for surgical intervention and to compare clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Material and Methods Twenty five patients with fascial space infection in maxillofacial region were subjected to ultrasonographic examination following a detailed clinical and radiological examination. Ultrasonography guided needle aspiration was performed. Based on the findings, patients diagnosed with abscess were subjected to incision and drainage and those with cellulitis were subjected to medical line of treatment. Results More than one fascial space was involved in all patients. On clinical examination 64 spaces were involved, of them 34 spaces had abscess formation and 30 spaces were in the stage of cellulitis. On ultrasonography examination, 28 spaces were reported to have abscess formation and 36 spaces were diagnosed to be in the stage of cellulitis. On comparative analysis of both clinical and ultrasonographic findings, ultrasonography was found to be sensitive in 65% of the cases and having specificity of 80%. It was registered statistically significant (P Conclusions Ultrasonography is a quick, widely available, relatively inexpensive, and painless procedure and can be repeated as often as necessary without risk to the patient. Thus ultrasonography is a valuable diagnostic aid to the oral and maxillofacial surgeon for early and accurate diagnosis of fascial space infection, their appropriate treatment and to limit their further spread. Keywords:ultrasonography, maxillofacial surgery, abscess, cellulitis, differential diagnosis. The purpose of the study was to establish the role of ultrasonography in determining the involvement of specific facial spaces in maxillofacial region and the stage of infection, in indicating the appropriate time for surgical intervention and to compare clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Twenty five patients with fascial space infection in maxillofacial region were subjected to ultrasonographic examination following a detailed clinical and radiological examination. Ultrasonography guided needle aspiration was performed. Based on the findings, patients diagnosed with abscess were subjected to incision and drainage and those with cellulitis were subjected to medical line of treatment. More than one fascial space was involved in all patients. On clinical examination 64 spaces were involved, of them 34 spaces had abscess formation and 30 spaces were in the stage of cellulitis. On ultrasonography examination, 28 spaces were reported to have abscess formation and 36 spaces were diagn osed to be in the stage of cellulitis. On comparative analysis of both clinical and ultrasonographic findings, ultrasonography was found to be sensitive in 65% of the cases and having specificity of 80%. It was registered statistically significant (P 65 Mohit sharma et al (2014) detected the role of ultrasonography as an adjunctive diagnostic aid for fascial space infections of odontogenic origin as well as an aid in appropriate treatment planning and management of fascial space infections of odontogenic origin. The study group comprised of 30 patients of either genders, irrespective of age and presented with unilateral fascial space infection of odontogenic origin. After the clinical and radiographic examinations, patients underwent USG evaluation. USG-guided intraoperative aspiration was done to confirm the diagnosis. All the findings were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.USG was as accurate as USG-guided intraoral aspiration (Gold standard) in diagnosing fascial space infections of odontogenic origin with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. In cases of abscess USG showed a well-defined homogenous anechoic pattern, cellulitis cases showed an ill-defined heterogeneous hyperechoic pattern while edema showed an ill-de fined isoechoic pattern.The different stages of fascial space infections of odontogenic origin can be clearly depicted on the USG. The study concluded that different stages of fascial space infections of odontogenic origin can be clearly depicted on the USG and it can be used as a reliable adjunctive imaging technique in the diagnosis of fascial space infection of odontogenic origin.66 Prince CN et al (2012) assessed the diagnostic capability of real-time ultrasound imaging, together with the application of color power Doppler in the identification and differential diagnosis of the periapical lesions. Fifteen patients with periapical lesions of pulpal origin, diagnosed with clinical and conventional radiographic examination, were examined further using ultrasonography. The results from the biopsies of the lesions were compared and statistically analyzed. The differential diagnosis between periapical granulomas and cystic lesions, which were based on the ultrasonographic findings, were confirmed by the results of the histopathologic examination in 13 (86.7%) of 15 cases, one being granuloma and 14 being cystic lesion.67 Sumit Goel et al (2011) evaluated the efficacy of ultrasonography with color Doppler and power Doppler applications over conventional radiography in the diagnosis of periapical lesions.Thirty patients having inflammatory periapical lesions of the maxillary or mandibular anterior teeth and requiring endodontic surgery were selected for inclusion in this study. All patients consented to participate in the study. They used conventional periapical radiographs as well as USG with color Doppler and power Doppler for the diagnosis of these lesions. Their diagnostic performances were compared against histopathologic examination. All data were compared and statistically analyzed.USG examination with color Doppler and power Doppler identified 29 (19 cysts and 10 granulomas) of 30 periapical lesions accurately, with a sensitivity of 100% for cysts and 90.91% for granulomas and a specificity of 90.91% for cysts and 100% for granulomas. In comparison, conventional intraoral radiography identified only 21 lesions (sensitivity of 78.9% for cysts and 45.4% for granulomas and specificity of 45.4% for cysts and 78.9% for granulomas). There was definite correlation between the echo texture of the lesions and the histopathological features except in one case.68 Page 1

MARS Splenda Campaign- Delite Integrated Marketing Communications Essay

MARS Splenda Campaign- Delite Integrated Marketing Communications Program Creative Strategy StatementThe marketing communication process begins with identifying those who. MARS Splenda Campaign- Delite Integrated Marketing Communications Program Creative Strategy Statement The marketing communication process begins with identifying those who will make up the target audience. In this case, the target audience for the MARS Splenda Campaign includes three market segments: diabetics, health conscious younger females and mothers of children between the ages of 4 and 12. The objectives that are taken in this case are as follows: - Create awareness among 90 percent of the target audience. To do this we will use repetitive advertising in magazines, on television, on the radio and billboards. Keep the message short and simple. Make people aware of the difference between sugar and Splenda. - Create interest in the brand among 70 percent of the target audience. Inform people that it contains no sugar but Splenda so it is healthier for your children but also tastes good and may also be eaten by diabetics. - Create a favorable attitude about the brand among 40 percent and preference among 25 percent of the target audience. Do this by conveying the information about the difference between sugar and Splenda in all ads and on the package. Each time you purchase you have a chance to win cool prizes from our online gift shop. Refer people to the website... MARS Splenda Campaign- Delite Integrated Marketing Communications Essay MARS Splenda Campaign- Delite Integrated Marketing Communications Program Creative Strategy StatementThe marketing communication process begins with identifying those who. MARS Splenda Campaign- Delite Integrated Marketing Communications Program Creative Strategy Statement The marketing communication process begins with identifying those who will make up the target audience. In this case, the target audience for the MARS Splenda Campaign includes three market segments: diabetics, health conscious younger females and mothers of children between the ages of 4 and 12. The objectives that are taken in this case are as follows: - Create awareness among 90 percent of the target audience. To do this we will use repetitive advertising in magazines, on television, on the radio and billboards. Keep the message short and simple. Make people aware of the difference between sugar and Splenda. - Create interest in the brand among 70 percent of the target audience. Inform people that it contains no sugar but Splenda so it is healthier for your children but also tastes good and may also be eaten by diabetics. - Create a favorable attitude about the brand among 40 percent and preference among 25 percent of the target audience. Do this by conveying the information about the difference between sugar and Splenda in all ads and on the package. Each time you purchase you have a chance to win cool prizes from our online gift shop. Refer people to the website...

Essay --

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whatever the party shall have not been thoroughly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to the jurisdiction. This is the 13th amendment. Now we may ask ourselves as a country, what does this mean for us? Well to me, this is probably the most powerful thing that I've ever heard. This is just deeper than words on a paper, this, this text right here is the reason why I am able to stand here and talk to you today. January 31, 1865, a day and what's a beautiful piece of work was created. 1856, Dreed Scott v. Sandford a case in which an enslaved African American wrote a petition to the Supreme Court asking for his freedom. Did he win? Of course not, its 1856. The Supreme Court ruled against him as well as saying that the Bill of Rights did not apply to African Americans. Let me read to you what the Constitution has to say about racism and segregation. â€Å"_____________† Oh thats right, it doesn’t. Until 1865, people who were not straight white males were not considered to be human beings. â€Å"Those who deny freedom to others, deserve it not for themselves; and, under a just God, can not long retain it.† Abraham Lincoln 1858. A wise man, with wise words explaining that no man nor woman created by â€Å"THE CREATOR† should deny freedom to a person or persons because we would not want to have our freedom to be denied by others. African-Americans as well as many other nonwhite Americans did not have the rights to vote in wrongful aggression of slavery, and have many other opportunities and careers such as the whites. To be seen as American and not as interfere work to be uses labor. It is important to learn these things, because we can know a... ...something greater than we think it is. We, as a community must stop with the verbal abuse, to not only to the African Americans, but to any of us that may be different from ourselves. Stop the vulgar comments and â€Å"wisecracks† in which we think that is funny is really a dull unsharpened arrow piercing the heart of an innocent human being just like yourself. Can I ask you something? Do we make jokes about Holocaust? Do we make violent slurs about 9/11? So why should racism be treated any differently? The only way to end this, is one person at a time. Looking at themselves and making an obligation to their heart saying that no longer will I exploit the insurreties of an individual. No longer will I put myself and my selfish desires over other’s feelings and emotions. Are we ready to grow and mature as a nation as a community, as a civilization? Or, maybe its just me.